Volume 23, Issue 2 (Summer 2026)
bloodj 2026, 23(2): 173-190 |
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Farzaneh F, Sadeghi M, Mousavi Hosseini K, Vosough M, Salehi M. Platelet‑Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A New Generation of Drug Carriers. bloodj 2026; 23 (2) :173-190
URL: http://bloodjournal.ir/article-1-1639-en.html
URL: http://bloodjournal.ir/article-1-1639-en.html
Abstract: (7 Views)
A B S T R A C T
Background and Objectives
Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) are lipid-bilayer membrane-enclosed particles released by platelets into the extracellular space. They carry a diverse array of bioactive molecules, including proteins, metabolites, coagulation factors, cytokines, lipids, and miRNAs. Through the transfer of these bioactive cargos to recipient cells, PEVs participate in various physiological and pathological processes, including hemostasis, inflammation, regulation of immune responses, and tissue repair. Their lack of nuclear DNA, intrinsic biological activity, and potential for relatively large-scale, and cost-effective isolation have attracted increasing attention to PEVs as promising carriers for drug-delivery applications.
Materials and Methods
In this narrative review, relevant studies addressing the biology, molecular composition, functional characteristics, isolation approaches, drug-loading strategies, and drug-delivery applications of PEVs were comprehensively examined. The literature search included articles indexed in reputable databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar.
Results
PEVs have demonstrated potential for delivering a broad range of therapeutic cargos, including chemotherapeutic agents, miRNAs, antivirals, and anti-inflammatory agents to target cells. The delivery of drugs using PEVs may improve drug stability, enhance cellular uptake, and increase therapeutic efficacy while reducing undesirable side effects. However, the lack of standardized isolation methods and drug-loading procedures remains an important obstacle. Moreover, the stability of PEVs during storage should be further investigated.
Conclusions
Despite the considerable potential of PEVs as drug-delivery carriers, their successful clinical translation will require standardization and optimization of isolation methods and drug-loading techniques. Further studies are needed to comprehensively evaluate their safety profile, particularly their procoagulant activity and potential risk of thrombosis, as well as possible immunogenicity following repeated administration. Additional investigations are also required to determine optimal storage conditions that preserve vesicular structural integrity and biological activity during long-term storage.
Background and Objectives
Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) are lipid-bilayer membrane-enclosed particles released by platelets into the extracellular space. They carry a diverse array of bioactive molecules, including proteins, metabolites, coagulation factors, cytokines, lipids, and miRNAs. Through the transfer of these bioactive cargos to recipient cells, PEVs participate in various physiological and pathological processes, including hemostasis, inflammation, regulation of immune responses, and tissue repair. Their lack of nuclear DNA, intrinsic biological activity, and potential for relatively large-scale, and cost-effective isolation have attracted increasing attention to PEVs as promising carriers for drug-delivery applications.
Materials and Methods
In this narrative review, relevant studies addressing the biology, molecular composition, functional characteristics, isolation approaches, drug-loading strategies, and drug-delivery applications of PEVs were comprehensively examined. The literature search included articles indexed in reputable databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar.
Results
PEVs have demonstrated potential for delivering a broad range of therapeutic cargos, including chemotherapeutic agents, miRNAs, antivirals, and anti-inflammatory agents to target cells. The delivery of drugs using PEVs may improve drug stability, enhance cellular uptake, and increase therapeutic efficacy while reducing undesirable side effects. However, the lack of standardized isolation methods and drug-loading procedures remains an important obstacle. Moreover, the stability of PEVs during storage should be further investigated.
Conclusions
Despite the considerable potential of PEVs as drug-delivery carriers, their successful clinical translation will require standardization and optimization of isolation methods and drug-loading techniques. Further studies are needed to comprehensively evaluate their safety profile, particularly their procoagulant activity and potential risk of thrombosis, as well as possible immunogenicity following repeated administration. Additional investigations are also required to determine optimal storage conditions that preserve vesicular structural integrity and biological activity during long-term storage.
Type of Study: Review Article |
Subject:
Biotechnology
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