Volume 21, Issue 4 (Winter 2024)
Sci J Iran Blood Transfus Organ 2024, 21(4): 274-280 |
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Sharifi Z, Yadgari A, Paz Z. The Level of Expression of Programmed Death Type1 During the Natural Course of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Asymptomatic Carriers of Hepatitis B. Sci J Iran Blood Transfus Organ 2024; 21 (4) :274-280
URL: http://bloodjournal.ir/article-1-1559-en.html
URL: http://bloodjournal.ir/article-1-1559-en.html
Abstract: (467 Views)
A B S T R A C T
Background and Objectives
In chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the balance between viral replication and the host immune response plays a critical role in liver disease progression. Acquired immune responses, particularly cellular immune responses, are believed to lead to HBV clearance. Programmed cell death type 1(PD-1) negatively regulates T cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine production, contributing to chronic HBV infection by inhibiting the function of virus-specific CD8+ T cells. In this study, we examined the expression level of PD-1 in asymptomatic donors with hepatitis B during the natural course of HBV infection.
Materials and Methods
This case-control study was conducted on 120 blood donors who were divided into two groups. The control group consisted of 60 healthy individuals who tested negative for HBsAg, while the case group comprised 60 asymptomatic HBV-infected blood donors who tested positive for HBsAg. HBsAg-positive samples were tested for anti-HBc total, HBeAg, and anti-HBe, along with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. To analyze gene expression, RNA was extracted, and complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized. Real-Time PCR was performed to measure the expression of the PD-1 gene as well as the β-actin reference gene. Changes in gene expression were analyzed using REST software, with a significance threshold of p< 0.05.
Results
All asymptomatic donors with hepatitis B tested positive for total anti-HBc and anti-HBe, while HBeAg was not detected. The ALT and AST enzyme levels were measured at 29 ± 0.11 IU/L and 28 ± 0.21 IU/L, respectively. Gene expression analysis was conducted using REST software, based on cycle thresholds obtained from Real-Time PCR for both the PD-1 gene and the reference gene. A 1.5-fold increase in PD-1 gene expression was observed in asymptomatic HBV-infected donors compared to healthy individuals; however, this difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions
The expression of the PD-1 gene remains stable during the natural course of chronic HBV infection in asymptomatic individuals and shows no significant difference compared to healthy individuals.
Background and Objectives
In chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the balance between viral replication and the host immune response plays a critical role in liver disease progression. Acquired immune responses, particularly cellular immune responses, are believed to lead to HBV clearance. Programmed cell death type 1(PD-1) negatively regulates T cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine production, contributing to chronic HBV infection by inhibiting the function of virus-specific CD8+ T cells. In this study, we examined the expression level of PD-1 in asymptomatic donors with hepatitis B during the natural course of HBV infection.
Materials and Methods
This case-control study was conducted on 120 blood donors who were divided into two groups. The control group consisted of 60 healthy individuals who tested negative for HBsAg, while the case group comprised 60 asymptomatic HBV-infected blood donors who tested positive for HBsAg. HBsAg-positive samples were tested for anti-HBc total, HBeAg, and anti-HBe, along with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. To analyze gene expression, RNA was extracted, and complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized. Real-Time PCR was performed to measure the expression of the PD-1 gene as well as the β-actin reference gene. Changes in gene expression were analyzed using REST software, with a significance threshold of p< 0.05.
Results
All asymptomatic donors with hepatitis B tested positive for total anti-HBc and anti-HBe, while HBeAg was not detected. The ALT and AST enzyme levels were measured at 29 ± 0.11 IU/L and 28 ± 0.21 IU/L, respectively. Gene expression analysis was conducted using REST software, based on cycle thresholds obtained from Real-Time PCR for both the PD-1 gene and the reference gene. A 1.5-fold increase in PD-1 gene expression was observed in asymptomatic HBV-infected donors compared to healthy individuals; however, this difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions
The expression of the PD-1 gene remains stable during the natural course of chronic HBV infection in asymptomatic individuals and shows no significant difference compared to healthy individuals.
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