Abstract
Background and Objectives
Premature neonates are extremely vulnerable in the neonatal pe­riod, as is attested to by the high rates of infant mortal­ity. Infants that are hospitalized are likely to have at least one blood transfusion. Anemia is one of the most common side effects. The purpose of this cross sectional descriptive study was outcome of red blood cell injection in preterm infants admitted to the NICU of the Mofid Hospital at 2016.
 
Materials and Methods
For this descriptive cross-sectional study, 116 preterm infants weighing ≤ 1500 grams and gestational age ≤ 35 weeks who had no history of surgical and congenital anomalies were admitted to NICU. The data were analyzed by SPSS 20 and dependent t-test.
 
Results
Data were collected, apnea 79.31%, 19.82% ,tachycardia 80.17% ,48.27% and residue 55.73%,  21.34%  before and after blood transfusion respectively according to nursing reports. Before and after transfusion mean of hemoglobin was 9.1 mg/dl and 11.8 mg/dl and hematocrit was 25.6% and 32.5%, respectively.
 
Conclusions 
Finding show apnea (p = 0.001), tachycardia (p = 0.004), residue (p = 0.005), hemoglobin (p = 0.001) and hematocrit (p = 0.001). For prescription, Considering Clinical manifestations and laboratory findings, improves laboratory, clinical and ventilator conditions in premature infants.