Volume 23, Issue 2 (Summer 2026)
bloodj 2026, 23(2): 156-172 |
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Ethics code: IR.TMI.REC.1403.020
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Shiri Y, Golmohammadi Zahuri M, Jafarpouri M R, Deyhim M R. An Overview of Alternative Platelet Storage Methods: From Room Temperature to Cold Storage and Freezing. bloodj 2026; 23 (2) :156-172
URL: http://bloodjournal.ir/article-1-1636-en.html
URL: http://bloodjournal.ir/article-1-1636-en.html
Abstract: (246 Views)
Background and Objectives
The conventional approach to storing platelet concentrate (PC) at 20–24°C is linked to the occurrence of platelet storage lesion (PSL) and the risk of bacterial contamination, both of which can reduce platelet viability during storage. Due to these limitations, researchers are exploring alternative methods for PC storage. This article reviews different PC storage methods and compares them with each other.
Materials and Methods
In this review, researches related to PC storage were investigated. English keywords (platelet storage, platelet concentrate, platelet storage at room temperature, cold storage platelet, platelet cryopreservation, platelet lyophilization, platelet additive solution) were searched in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Magiran, SID databases and the Google and Google Scholar between 1954 and 2025. Ultimately, 93 articles were used. The primary question of this review was whether, given their respective advantages and limitations, alternative PC storage methods can serve as clinical alternatives to RT storage (as the standard method).
Results
Studies comparing different PC storage methods have shown inconsistent findings. Cold storage (1–6°C) leads to decreased metabolism, lower bacterial contamination and enhanced platelet homeostatic function; however, a limitation of this method is the reduced survival of platelets following transfusion. Lyophilization allows for long-term storage at room temperature and reduced bacterial contamination, however, the viability of lyophilized platelets is limited post-transfusion. Cryopreservation also allows for long-term storage, but it requires advanced equipment and specialized preparation steps. In addition, the method causes extensive structural changes in PCs. The use of platelet additive solution (PAS) in PC storage can reduce plasma dependence, mitigate allergic and febrile reactions, and improve metabolic conditions; however, further investigations are needed to optimize the type and concentration of these solutions based on the storage method.
Conclusions
Lyophilization method presents certain limitations, such as high cost and a time-consuming production process, and there is currently insufficient evidence to confirm the safety of this method. The use of cryopreserved platelets is recommended in critical situations such as severe bleeding and in time of war when access to PC products is insufficient. Further researches are still required on the use of PAS in PC storage. However, PC storage at 20-24°C remains the standard method for PC transfusion due to the appropriate survival of platelets within the patient's circulatory system.
The conventional approach to storing platelet concentrate (PC) at 20–24°C is linked to the occurrence of platelet storage lesion (PSL) and the risk of bacterial contamination, both of which can reduce platelet viability during storage. Due to these limitations, researchers are exploring alternative methods for PC storage. This article reviews different PC storage methods and compares them with each other.
Materials and Methods
In this review, researches related to PC storage were investigated. English keywords (platelet storage, platelet concentrate, platelet storage at room temperature, cold storage platelet, platelet cryopreservation, platelet lyophilization, platelet additive solution) were searched in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Magiran, SID databases and the Google and Google Scholar between 1954 and 2025. Ultimately, 93 articles were used. The primary question of this review was whether, given their respective advantages and limitations, alternative PC storage methods can serve as clinical alternatives to RT storage (as the standard method).
Results
Studies comparing different PC storage methods have shown inconsistent findings. Cold storage (1–6°C) leads to decreased metabolism, lower bacterial contamination and enhanced platelet homeostatic function; however, a limitation of this method is the reduced survival of platelets following transfusion. Lyophilization allows for long-term storage at room temperature and reduced bacterial contamination, however, the viability of lyophilized platelets is limited post-transfusion. Cryopreservation also allows for long-term storage, but it requires advanced equipment and specialized preparation steps. In addition, the method causes extensive structural changes in PCs. The use of platelet additive solution (PAS) in PC storage can reduce plasma dependence, mitigate allergic and febrile reactions, and improve metabolic conditions; however, further investigations are needed to optimize the type and concentration of these solutions based on the storage method.
Conclusions
Lyophilization method presents certain limitations, such as high cost and a time-consuming production process, and there is currently insufficient evidence to confirm the safety of this method. The use of cryopreserved platelets is recommended in critical situations such as severe bleeding and in time of war when access to PC products is insufficient. Further researches are still required on the use of PAS in PC storage. However, PC storage at 20-24°C remains the standard method for PC transfusion due to the appropriate survival of platelets within the patient's circulatory system.
Type of Study: Review Article |
Subject:
Blood Transfusion
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