Volume 22, Issue 3 (Autumn 2025)                   bloodj 2025, 22(3): 175-182 | Back to browse issues page

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Ranjbar Kermani F, Amini-Kafiabad S. Age Distribution of Blood Donation and Blood Donation Rates Across Iran’s Provinces in 2022: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Ecological Study. bloodj 2025; 22 (3) :175-182
URL: http://bloodjournal.ir/article-1-1593-en.html
Age Distribution of Blood Donation and Blood Donation Rates Across Iran’s Provinces in 2022: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Ecological Study
Fahimeh Ranjbar Kermani * , Sedigheh Amini-Kafiabad
Keywords: Blood Donation, Age Group, Iran
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References:
  1. Seifried E, Klueter H, Weidmann C, Staudenmaier T, Seifried E, Klueter H, Weidmann C, Staudenmaier T, Schrezenmeier H, Henschler R, et al. How much blood is needed? Vox Sang 2011; 100(1): 10-21. [DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.2010.01446.x] [PMID]
  2. Yadav SK, Hussein G, Liu B, Vojjala N, Warsame M, El Labban M, et al. A Contemporary Review of Blood Transfusion in Critically Ill Patients. Medicina 2024; 60(8): 1247. [DOI:10.3390/medicina60081247] [PMID] []
  3. WHO. Global status report on blood safety and availability 2021. USA: WHO; 2022. p. 9.
  4. Jacobs JW, Bates I, Cohn CS, Choudhury N, Owusu-Ofori S, Vrielink H, et al. The global blood donation index: an imperfect measure of transfusion need. Lancet 2024; 404(10456): 988-90. [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01550-2] [PMID]
  5. Silva Carlos V, Rodrigues RG. Motivations and inhibitors to blood donation. International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing 2024; 21(4): 863-85. [DOI:10.1007/s12208-024-00405-w]
  6. Mohammed S, Essel HB. Motivational factors for blood donation, potential barriers, and knowledge about blood donation in first-time and repeat blood donors. BMC Hematol 2018; 18: 36. [DOI:10.1186/s12878-018-0130-3] [PMID] []
  7. WHO. Blood safety and availability; 2023. Availeable from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blood-safety-and-availability.
  8. Ranjbar Kermani F, Amini-Kafiabad S. Comparison of Gender and Age Group Frequencies in Blood Donation in Three Provinces of Iran in 2022. J Iran Blood Transfus 2025; 22(1): 11-8. [Article in Farsi] [DOI:10.61186/bloodj.22.1.11]
  9. Kermani  FR,   Kafi-Abad SA.   Trend   of   BloodDonation including coronavirus pandemic: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study during 2017-2022 in Iran. Transfus Clin Biol 2025; 32(3): 272-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.tracli.2025.04.007] [PMID]
  10. Ugwu A, Madu A, Efobi C, Ibegbulam O. Pattern of blood donation and characteristics of blood donors in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract 2018; 21(11): 1438-43. [DOI:10.4103/njcp.njcp_346_17] [PMID]
  11. Wevers A, Wigboldus DH, De Kort WL, Van Baaren R, Veldhuizen IJ. Characteristics of donors who do or do not return to give blood and barriers to their return. Blood Transfus 2014; 12(Suppl 1): s37-43.
  12. Al-Haqqan T, Husain A, Al-Kandari N, Al-Rashidi L, Al-Daihani N, Mitra A. A cross-sectional study of knowledge, attitude, practice, and barriers regarding blood donation among general population in Kuwait. Int J Community Fam Med 2016; 1(2): 1-7. [DOI:10.15344/2456-
    3498/2016/120    ]
  13. Jemberu YA, Esmael A, Ahmed KY. Knowledge, attitude and practice towards blood donation and associated factors among adults in Debre Markos town, orthwest Ethiopia. BMC Hematol 2016; 16(1): 23. [DOI:10.1186/s12878-016-0062-8] [PMID] []
  14. Greinacher A, Weitmann K, Schönborn L, Alpen U, Gloger D, Stangenberg W, et al. A population-based longitudinal study on the implication of demographic changes on blood donation and transfusion demand. Blood Adv 2017; 1(14): 867-74. [DOI:10.1182/bloodadvances.2017005876] [PMID] []
  15. Su S, Sun Y, Gu X, Wu W, Su X, Ma T, et al. Exploration of the healthy donor effect among 0.6 million blood donors in China: longitudinal study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10(1): e48617. [DOI:10.2196/48617] [PMID] []



Age Distribution of Blood Donation and Blood Donation Rates Across Iran’s Provinces in 2022: Findings from a
Cross-Sectional Ecological Study


Fahimeh Ranjbar Kermani1        , Sedigheh Amini-Kafiabad2


1Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
2Biological Products and Blood Safety Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2025/07/15
Accepted: 2025/08/30
 





    http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/bloodj.22.1.11
    



Citation:
Ranjbar Kermani F, Amini-kafiabad S. Age Distribution of Blood Donation and Blood Donation Rates Across Iran’s Provinces in 2022: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Ecological Study. J Iran Blood Transfus. 2025: 22 (3) : 175-182
    



Correspondence: Ranjbar Kermani F., Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine.
P.O.Box: 14665-1157, Tehran, Iran.
Tel: (+9821) 88628753
E-mail:
1- Acridine Orange
1- Biological safety cabinet
1- Platelet Concentrate
2- Food and Drug Administration
3- Normal Skin Flora
4- Platelet Rich Plasma-Platelet Concentrate
5- Eosin-Methylene blue
6- Thioglycolate
1- Acridine Orange
1- Biological safety cabinet
1- Platelet Concentrate
2- Food and Drug Administration
3- Normal Skin Flora
4- Platelet Rich Plasma-Platelet Concentrate
5- Eosin-Methylene blue
6- Thioglycolate
f.ranjbar@tmi.ac.ir  		 A B S T R A C T
Background and Objectives
Blood donation plays a vital role in sustaining healthcare system. Donation rates can be influenced by the demographic characteristics of blood donors, Particularly age. Understanding age-related patterns of blood donation is essential for improving strategies to retain existing donors and recruit new donors. This study aimed to analyze the age distribution of blood donors and its impact on donation rates in Iran in the year 2022.

Materials and Methods
This ecological cross-sectional study utilized aggregated data from the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization database, focusing on blood donation rates and age distribution across various provinces. The relationship between the proportion of blood donations within three age groups 18–35 years, 36–55 years, and over 55 years and the overall blood donation rate were examined using Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis. Statistical analysis were performed using STATA version 17, with a significance level set at ≤ 0.05.
Results
In 2022, blood donation rates across Iran’s 31 provinces varied  from the lowest of 17.76 in 1000 population in Sistan and Baluchestan province to the highest of 39.78 per 1,000 population in Semnan Province. Overall, the age group 35-55 years had the highest share of blood donations (56.72%) and the age group over 55 years had the lowest share of blood donations (6.39%) in the countryThe results of the linear regression test showed a significant relationship between the age group of 36-55 years and the blood donation rate with a beta coefficient of 0.615 and a standardized beta coefficient of 0.388 (p=0.031). Conclusions 
This study highlights the significant role of age distribution in shaping blood donation behavior. The findings indicate that the 36-55 age group as a key contributor to elevated blood donation rates across the country. These results can assist policymakers in designing targeted interventions to increase blood donation rates by understanding the behaviors of different age groups.
Key words: Blood Donation, Age Group, Iran
Copyright © 2025 Journal of Iranian Blood Transfusion, Published by Blood Transfusion Research Center.
This work is licensed under a Creative Common Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International license.





 
Type of Study: Research | Subject: Blood donation
References
1. Seifried E, Klueter H, Weidmann C, Staudenmaier T, Seifried E, Klueter H, Weidmann C, Staudenmaier T, Schrezenmeier H, Henschler R, et al. How much blood is needed? Vox Sang 2011; 100(1): 10-21. [DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.2010.01446.x] [PMID]
2. Yadav SK, Hussein G, Liu B, Vojjala N, Warsame M, El Labban M, et al. A Contemporary Review of Blood Transfusion in Critically Ill Patients. Medicina 2024; 60(8): 1247. [DOI:10.3390/medicina60081247] [PMID] []
3. WHO. Global status report on blood safety and availability 2021. USA: WHO; 2022. p. 9.
4. Jacobs JW, Bates I, Cohn CS, Choudhury N, Owusu-Ofori S, Vrielink H, et al. The global blood donation index: an imperfect measure of transfusion need. Lancet 2024; 404(10456): 988-90. [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01550-2] [PMID]
5. Silva Carlos V, Rodrigues RG. Motivations and inhibitors to blood donation. International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing 2024; 21(4): 863-85. [DOI:10.1007/s12208-024-00405-w]
6. Mohammed S, Essel HB. Motivational factors for blood donation, potential barriers, and knowledge about blood donation in first-time and repeat blood donors. BMC Hematol 2018; 18: 36. [DOI:10.1186/s12878-018-0130-3] [PMID] []
7. WHO. Blood safety and availability; 2023. Availeable from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blood-safety-and-availability.
8. Ranjbar Kermani F, Amini-Kafiabad S. Comparison of Gender and Age Group Frequencies in Blood Donation in Three Provinces of Iran in 2022. J Iran Blood Transfus 2025; 22(1): 11-8. [Article in Farsi] [DOI:10.61186/bloodj.22.1.11]
9. Kermani FR, Kafi-Abad SA. Trend of Blood Donation including coronavirus pandemic: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study during 2017-2022 in Iran. Transfus Clin Biol 2025; 32(3): 272-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.tracli.2025.04.007] [PMID]
10. Ugwu A, Madu A, Efobi C, Ibegbulam O. Pattern of blood donation and characteristics of blood donors in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract 2018; 21(11): 1438-43. [DOI:10.4103/njcp.njcp_346_17] [PMID]
11. Wevers A, Wigboldus DH, De Kort WL, Van Baaren R, Veldhuizen IJ. Characteristics of donors who do or do not return to give blood and barriers to their return. Blood Transfus 2014; 12(Suppl 1): s37-43.
12. Al-Haqqan T, Husain A, Al-Kandari N, Al-Rashidi L, Al-Daihani N, Mitra A. A cross-sectional study of knowledge, attitude, practice, and barriers regarding blood donation among general population in Kuwait. Int J Community Fam Med 2016; 1(2): 1-7. [DOI:10.15344/2456-3498/2016/120]
13. Jemberu YA, Esmael A, Ahmed KY. Knowledge, attitude and practice towards blood donation and associated factors among adults in Debre Markos town, orthwest Ethiopia. BMC Hematol 2016; 16(1): 23. [DOI:10.1186/s12878-016-0062-8] [PMID] []
14. Greinacher A, Weitmann K, Schönborn L, Alpen U, Gloger D, Stangenberg W, et al. A population-based longitudinal study on the implication of demographic changes on blood donation and transfusion demand. Blood Adv 2017; 1(14): 867-74. [DOI:10.1182/bloodadvances.2017005876] [PMID] []
15. Su S, Sun Y, Gu X, Wu W, Su X, Ma T, et al. Exploration of the healthy donor effect among 0.6 million blood donors in China: longitudinal study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10(1): e48617. [DOI:10.2196/48617] [PMID] []
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