Scientific Journal of

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  Abstract

 Background and Objectives

 Although beta thalassemia is mainly caused by mutations involving single base substitutions and small deletions, there have been reports showing deletions of large regions of beta- globin genes play a similar causing role. The strategy to identify beta thalassemia carriers with known deletions is based on PCR techniques such as Gap PCR. There are however some unknown deletions that can not be detected by the above methods. To overcome this limitation, Real-time PCR and MLPA were developed as two quantitative assays for analysis of beta-globin gene cluster.

 

 Materials and Methods

 The subjects were evaluated in a case-control study. Among individuals referred to genetic laboratories of Pasteur Institute of Iran and Kawsar Genetic Research Center, 40 were suspected of having a large deletion in β-globin gene cluster. The including criteria were hematological findings such as low blood indices (MCV <80 fl and MCH <27 pg), normal HbA2 and raised or normal HbF. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. A Real-time PCR assay was developed using comparative threshold cycle (Ct) method for analysis of gene copy number. In addition, gene dosage was analyzed using MLPA method.

 

 Results

 Real-time PCR results for quantitative analysis of Beta, Delta, G-gamma genes showed the ratio (2^-ΔΔCt) of 0.96 ± 0.18 for normal individuals and 0.58 ± 0.04 for carriers of deletions in beta globin gene cluster. MLPA results showed nearly 50% reduction in the height of the peaks corresponding to regions of deletions.

 

 Conclusions

 MLPA results confirmed the presence of the same deletions detected by Real-time PCR in all of the carrier individuals. It would be ideal to combine these quantitative assays to confirm corresponding results for accurate diagnosis of known and unknown deletions in beta thalassemia carriers.

  

 Key words : beta-Thalassemia, beta-Globins, Gene Deletion

 

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Abstract Background and Objectives Beta-thalassemia is one of the most common single-mutation diseases. These mutations cause decreased beta-globin protein synthesis or even deletion. Most of the mutations in beta-globin gene are point mutations but there are some small and big deletions in beta-globin gene cluster. The goal of this research is to detect and study two deletions (Lepore, Asian-Indian) with duplex-PCR. Materials and Methods This study was done on 3 Asian-Indian deletion samples and 10 Lepore samples. After detecting two deletions (Lepore and Asian-Indian), we started setting Gap-PCR in these two known deletions. Duplex-PCR with 8 different primers for detecting Lepore and Asian-Indian deletions simultaneously was set at 68ºC annealing temperature these two deletions can be detected easily in one reaction with this new method. Results The results show that detecting Lepore and Asian-Indian deletions with multiplex PCR is practical, and the specific bands for each deletion are detectable. Conclusions Detecting these two deletions in one reaction (Duplex-PCR) is practical. This method is easy, reliable, and fast it is also economical and saves both time and money. Key words: Beta-thalassemia, Beta-globins, Gene deletion