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Showing 87 results for Mohammad
M. Mirmohammad Sadeghi, Z. Massaeli, M.r. Jaberi,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (Autumn 2004)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives The idea of bloodless medicine and surgery emerged when physicians had to treat patients who defied transfusion for religious reasons (e.g. Jehovah’s Witnesses) moreover, problems in ensuring safe blood supplies, the relevant costs involved, and the post-transfusion complications gave also rise to bloodless method. The aim of this study is to evaluate the reduction of allogenic blood transfusion, postoperative infection and costs in the bloodless group compared to the control. Materials and Methods A retrospective comparative study was undertaken for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) at Isfahan’s Chamran hospital. Two groups of patients undergoing the classic CABG and the Bloodless techniques were compared (100 patients in each group). For bloodless surgery in addition to considering principles of bloodless medicine and surgery, autologous normovolemic hemodilution was done before operation (1-2 units) and patients were not transfused unless their hemoglobin was 9 gm/dl. Data were analysed by t-test and Chi-square test. Various factors were compared between these two techniques such as units of packed cells (PC) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfused, length of hospital stay, costs and postoperative complications (infection, bleeding, etc.). Results In bloodless and classic surgery groups, 76% and 38% did not require PC transfusion, respectively. In addition, we observed a significant difference between FFP transfusion in the bloodless (93%) and classic technique (73%). No patient in the bloodless group received platelets whereas 2% of the patients in the classic group did. Overall length of hospital stay and ICU stay were less in the bloodless method hence, the costs were less too. Postoperative infection was less in the bloodless method. These differences were significant. Conclusions The application of bloodless method for patients undergoing CABG significantly reduces PC and FFP consumption (P=0.001) therefore, the complications of blood transfusion such as post transfusion HIV, hepatitis, allergic and immunological reactions are decreased. Length of hospital stay and postoperative infections are also reduced which in turn reduce the costs (P=0.001, 0.001 and 0.037, respectively). Key words: Bloodless medicine, Bloodless surgery, CABG and bloodless
L. Hosseini Gohari , E. Noormohammadi , Z. Attarchi ,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (Spring 2005)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives To avoid laboratory errors in the detection of hemoglobinopathies, a control sample containing hemoglobin (Hb) A,F,S or C should run with each set of samples.The aim of this project was to prepare a lyophilized heme control for the cellulose acetate electrophoresis. Materials and Methods After lysing the red blood cells, the hemolysate was centrifuged at 25000 rpm. The clear red supernatant was diluted with drabkin reagent to 20-30 gr/L and Hb was converted to cyanomethemoglobin. After adding sucrose and preservatives, the hemolysate was passed through milipore filter (0.45 μ m) and then aliqouted and lyophilized. Results In this project three heme control samples were prepared. The first sample contains Hbs A,F,D or G ,the second one contains Hbs A,S, and the third contains Hb A,F. Although the amount of potassium cyanide used is 10 times less than other methods , the stability is more than 6 months at 4oC moreover, and the electrophoretic patterns have good resolution and the obtained CV and SD show good reproducibility . Conclusions The preparation method in this project is simple, reliable, cost effective and in comparison with other methods has less amount of potassium cyanide therefore, it is safe for the laboratory staff. Key words: Hemoglobin , Cellulose acetate, Electrophoresis, Hemoglobinopathy
A.h. Zarnani , A. Mohammadzadeh Kazorgah , M. Ghaffari Novin , S. Arefi , M.h. Modarresi , F. Shokri , P. Dokuhaki , M.r. Sadeghi , M.m. Akhoondi , A. Gharehbaghian , M. Jeddi Tehrani ,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (Spring 2005)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives During pregnancy, irregular blood group antibodies originating either from earlier pregnancies or from blood transfusions may severely affect child health. In this report, a case of maternal alloimmunization to Kell antigen is described. Case The mother had a history of partial mole and four repeated intrauterine fetal death due to hydrops fetalis. Conclusions Screening of irregular blood group antibodies revealed that she has anti-Kell with the titer of 1:4096. Also in genetic analysis, a C677T homozygous mutation of MTHFR gene was found, which could potentially enhance destructive effects of anti-Kell antibody. The described case emphasizes the importance of being informed about the presence of irregular blood group antibodies during pregnancy which may cause recurrent hydrops. Key words: Pregnancy, Hydrops, Immunization, Kell antigen
B. Ataei , M.r. Khademi , A. Mirmohammad Sadeghi , Z. Nokhodian , N. Kasaeian ,
Volume 2, Issue 5 (Autumn 2005)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives Viral hepatitis B is a dangerous disease with high mortality and morbidity rate in the world. It has been proved that its prevalence in different areas depends on risk behaviors and people’s awareness level. This paper was prepared to detect the risk factors of hepatitis B in blood donors in Isfahan province. Materials and Methods In a cross-sectional study, 39 seropositive blood donors and 261 seronegeative ones in 2004 were studied. HBsAg was examined via ELISA. Standard hepatitis B risk factor questionnaires were completed for all of the samples and the prevalence of each risk factor in case and control subjects was compared through X2 test, using SPSS-10 software with p<0.05. Results This study indicated that the history of surgeries, use of shared razors, jaundice of mother, presence of HBsAg+ patients and drug addicts in families were statistically significant in the two groups. There was not any hemodialysis history, accident of needle sticks and needle sharing by drug addicts. Conclusions Since the relative frequency of surgery history in the two groups was significantly different, attending to hospital and operation room hygine seems to be very important. Moreover, since hepatitis B can be prevented with education and vaccination, the families of
HBsAg+ patients and drug addicts should be encouraged to use education and vaccination. Using the results of this study, it is necessary to pay attention to hospitals and raise people awareness about hepatitis B transmission routes and vaccination of high risk individuals. Key words: Hepatitis B, Risk factors, Blood donors, Isfahan
M Habibi Roudkenar, M Oloomi, M.a Shokrgozar, N Shahrokhi, A Mohammadi Roushandeh, Y Kuwahara, M Fukumoto,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (Spring 2006)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives Immunotoxins are comprised of cell targeting and cell killing moieties. Immunotoxins have been proposed as new strategy for cancer treatment. In this study, catalytic domain of Shiga-toxin (A1) was fused to human Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (h GM-CSF) . The fused gene was already expressed in E.coli and the expressed protein was analysed for its cytotoxic activity on human cancer cell lines expressing GM-CSF receptor (GM-CSFR). Moreover, the impact of GM-CSF receptor on inhibition of cytotoxic effect of Shiga-toxin-GM-CSF recombinant hybrid in cell lines expressing GM-CSF receptor (GM-CSFR) was evaluated. Materials and Methods Cell lines were grown in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10-20% heat inactivated fetal bovine serum (Gibco-BRL). Cytotoxic activity was checked on the cell lines and was measured by trypan blue staininig and MTT assay. GM-CSF receptor was blocked by anti-GM-CSF antibody. Results Cytotoxicity studies revealed that the chimeric protein induced cytotoxic effect on different cell lines. This effect was found to be specific due to the presence of killing moiety (A1) that exerts its effect through specific cell targeting domain i.e. GM-CSF, by binding to its receptor present on those cell lines. K562 and LS174T were the most sensitive . Conclusions Our results revealed that the hybrid protein is toxic to the cancer cell lines bearing GM-CSF receptor this effect could be a potential factor for further consideration of hybrid protein as a therapeutic agent. Key words: Shiga-toxin , Granulocyte macrophage - colony stimulating factor ( GM–CSF ) , Cytotoxicity, Cancer cells
H Khorsand Mohammad Pour, I Nourmohammadi, M.a Jalili, Z Motallebi,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (Spring 2006)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives Albumin is currently used in greater volume than any other biopharmaceutical solution that is available. The most large- scale production of human albumin is still conducted by cohn cold ethanol fractionation (Cohn's method). In order to save the operating time, labor and material in manufacturing albumin 20%, a two-stage process was carried out based on the cold ethanol fractionation method. Materials and Methods For this experimental study, fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was used as a starting material. In the first stage by addition of supernatant IV to a dissolved fraction V paste, a dense fraction V paste (Vd+I) containing the highest possible albumin concentration and the least impurity (ethanol, a globulins and ionic concentration) was recovered by centrifugation the recovered paste was then dissolved and filtered through a depth filter in order to remove a globulins as impurity. The filtrate (HPs) was suitable to produce albumin 20%. Two batches were produced and all the methods for the evaluation of the finished product were applied according to the guidelines of the British Pharmacopoeia. Results The quality control of the albumin 20% as a finished product from 2 batches (batches 1 and 2) in the final container produced by the proposed procedure led to satisfactory results. Appearance of the product was clear, purity over 99% , and the molecular size distribution of albumin was revealed for aggregates or polymers less than 2.7 % . The yield of albumin was 24 ± 1 gr/kg of plasma. Conclusions Advantages of the proposed process as compared with the rountine process (Cohn & Kistler- Nitschmann methods) during the production of intermediate products (Vd+I, HPs) were remarkable savings in terms of operating time, material and manpower at about 50%. Key words: Human serum albumin, Plasma fractionation, Cohn Fraction V
B Damari, S Torabian, A Gharehbaghian, M Magsudlu, N Mohammadi, M Naser Bakht, M Rahbari, E Sanei Moghadam, A.h Asadi, M Paridar,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (Summer 2006)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives One of the main objectives of blood centers is to promote voluntary blood donation. It is important then to recognize people views and beliefs about blood donation. Decrease or elimination of blood replacement is closely correlated with the tendency of people to embark on voluntary blood donation. In recent years, IBTO has taken measures to eliminete blood replacement and it has been considered as a priority in the strategic planing of IBTO. Blood replacement rate in most of the provinces is reported to be zero, except in 3 provinces of Hormozgon, Sistan and Baluchestan, and Khuzestan. A qualitative study was done considering the role of views and beliefs of people and their tendency to embark on blood donation in 3 southern provinces which are faced with problems regarding blood donation. Materials and Methods Two focus group meetings were held in each of these provinces. In each session, various and specified groups of people participated with pre-determined standards. Results False beliefs and views about blood donation were brought up: transmission of infectious diseases to donors, blood deficit being an improper claim, blood donation just for men, girls being banned to donate blood, blood donation making one thin and revealing addiction, phlebotomy better than blood donation, religious prohibition of blood donation, and the negative effect of blood donation on sexual behaviors. Conclusions In order to promote the motivation of people of these regions to appreciate voluntary blood donation, besides using social marketing tools, it is necessary to use these beliefs and views in social marketing and provincial publicity. The false views which are common among these three provinces can be rectified through similar programs and those specific to each province can be addressed by a different strategy. Key words : Blood donor , Qualitative research , Social marketing
Fardin Fathi, Mohammad Reza Bagheban Eslami, Behzad Ahsan, Masood Alasvand, Mohammad Jafar Rezaei, Leyla Pirmoradi, Takayoki Asahara,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (Winter 2007)
Abstract
Oxytocin efficiency in differentiation of P19c16 stem cells into cardiomyocytes Fathi F.1(PhD), Bagheban Eslami M.R.2(PhD), Ahsan B.1(MD), Alasvand M.1(MS), Rezaei M.J.1(PhD), Pirmoradi L.1(MS), Asahara T.3(MD) 1 School of Medicine, Kordestan University of Medical Sciences 2 Royan Research Center, Stem Cells Research Group 3 Riken Institute, CDB, Japan � Abstract Background and Objectives Recently, P19c16 has been cloned from P19 cells. This stem cell line has mesodermal traits and can be differentiated into cardiomyocytes without embryoid body formation. The present study was designed to investigate the oxytocin effect on differentiation of P19c16 into cardiomyocytes and production of GFP-labeled cardiomyocytes. Materials and Methods At first, the P19c16 cells were cultured as monolayer and embryoid body then oxytocin with 1 × 10-7 M concentration was added to culture media as the inducer agent. DMSO was used as an inducer agent in positive control under the same conditions. Differentiated cells underwent morphological and immunocytochemical evaluation. The research in its continuation pursued the transfection of pEGFP-C1 plasmid with P19c16 cells by electroporation method then, stably expressed GFP cells were differentiated into cardiomyocytes by oxytocin. Results The obtained data indicated that in the experimental group EBs from P19c16 cells could be differentiated into cardiomyocytes whereas monolayer cells could not. In the control group, both EBs and monolayer cells could be differentiated into cardiomyocytes by DMSO. In second part of this study, P19c16 cells were efficiently transfected with GFP, and GFP expressed cells were differentiated into beating cardiomyocytes by oxytocin. The results of morphological and immunocytochemical evaluation confirmed that differentiated cells were cardiomyocytes. Conclusions Our results showed that the embryoid body formation is necessary for differentiation of P19c16 cells into cardiomyocytes and these cells after stable transfection with GFP could be differentiated into beating cardiomyocytes. It can be concluded that probably P19c16 line is a good stem cell line for cell transplantation in the experimental model of cardiac disease. � Key words : Cell differentiation, Cardiomyocytes, Oxytocin, Stem cells , P19
Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan, Massod Ziaee, Farhad Khadivi-Zand, Zahra Badiee, Bahram Khazaei, Zohreh Vahedian, Fahimeh Mehrabian, Ezat Dadkhah,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (Winter 2007)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives Hemophilia A is the most common X-linked blood coagulation disorder. The prevalence rate of this disease in various communities is about 1-2/10000 males. The prevalence of hemophilia A is very high in southern Khorasan population, perhaps due to their isolation and high rate of consanguinity. The aim of this research was to detect hemophilia A carriers in two villages of southern Khorasan and set a prenatal diagnosis program for these families. Materials and Methods Blood samples of 34 patients with hemophilia A out of 51 family members (9 families) from two villages were collected. We were also able to collect samples from 7 mothers out of 9 families. Intragenic polymorphic sites in factor VIII gene including HindIII, Bc1I and AlwNI were used for carrier detection. DNA extraction and PCR-RELP were also performed. Results The results revealed 3 heterozygote mothers for HindIII, 2 for Bc1I and 1 for AlwNI. We utilized these polymorphic sites for carrier analysis in these families. Ultimately, 4 carrier sisters of affected boys in this population were found it was then possible to perform prenatal diagnosis procedure for their families. Conclusions HindIII and Bc1I polymorphisms can be suitable markers for hemophilia prenatal diagnosis in these two villages. � Key words : Hemophilia A, RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism), Carrier detection�
Ladan Hosseini Gohari, Isa Noormohammadi, Ali Akbar Sharafi Tafresi Moghadam, Leila Mostaan, Aneti Drousiotou,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (Winter 2007)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives For a successful prevention program, globin chain synthesis, as a complementary test beside DNA analysis, is necessary. So, it is important that each laboratory establishes its own reference range for the classification of thalassemia syndromes by globin chain synthesis. Globin chain synthesis is a relatively complex test introduced in the study of thalassemia syndromes as a reference method. The technique is also useful for variant chain identification.This study aims to stablish the method of globin chain synthesis to determine a / b chain ratio in healthy individuals. Materials and Methods In this study globin chain analysis was performed on 30 healthy laboratory personnels with normal HbA2 and normal hematological indices. In this method a reticulocyte-rich sample is incubated with a mixture of amino acids, one of which (leucine) radioactively labelled. After washing the excess radioactivity and precipitating the globin, different chains are separated by cation exchange chromatography. Results The mean a / b ratio was 1.045 ± 0.12 (mean ± 1SD) in healthy subjects. Our findings were in agreement with those of the other investigators in the world. Conclusions In any screening program, diagnostic problems will arise that can not be solved without biosynthetic studies. The Clegg and Weatherall method has been proved to be very reliable and reproducible, but time-consuming (requiring four days). New methods like reverse phase HPLC are now available for chain separation. Therefore, according to the procedures each laboratory should determine its own reference range. Key words : a globin, b globin, Hemoglobin, Normal range, Ion exchange chromatography
M. Kheirandish, M. Ebtekar, A.a. Pourfathollah, Z. Mohammad Hassan, S.d. Siadat, A. Kazem Nejad,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (Autumn 2007)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives The incidence and severity of Graft Versus Host Disease following the use of umbilical cord blood as a source of stem cells for bone marrow reconstitution challenge the scientific findings of the immunocompetence of newborn immune cells. The reports show that self renewal characteristics and the proliferative capacity of primitive hematopoietic progenitors in the preterm cord blood are higher in comparison with term cord blood and bone marrow. In this study, the characteristics of preterm cord blood immune cells were analyzed from a naive point of view especially in comparison with its counterparts in term cord blood. Materials and Methods Term and pretem MNCs were isolated and cultivated in complete media containing PMA (50 ng/ml) and Ionomycine (1µg/ml) at the presence of monensin they were then permeabilized with %0.1 saponin. After cell stimulation with PMA and Ionomycine, staining was performed with Moab anti-CD69 antibody to estimate the level of activation and was also conjugated with anti- IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-2 antibody to evaluate the production of cytokine. Mean percentage frequency of cytokine producing cells and the level of cytokine expression in CD4+/CD8+, CD45RA+/RO+ cells were analyzed by Epics-XL and IMMUNO-4 software. Statistical analysis was carried out using Kolmogrov-Smirnov and Student's t-test . Results Cellular phenotypic analysis showed no significant differences in CD4 + CD45RA+, CD8+CD45RO+ and CD4+CD45RO+ cells in term and preterm cord blood (p< 0.05). Mean percentage of CD3+ , CD4+ , CD8+, HLA-DR+CD3+, DR - HLA+CD4+ and CD25+ cells had significant increment in term cord blood. No statistically significant differences in the level of expression and the frequency of cytokine producing cells were observed in distinct gestational ages. Conclusions Considering the lack of any significant functional differences between term and preterm cord blood immune cells, hematopoietic stem cells of preterm cord blood not only have the same immunological behavior, especially with respect to GVHD, but also have the higher frequency and proliferative capacity. The presence of immature progenitor cells may have priority to term cord blood and be applied in transplantation settings. � Key words:�Cord blood, CD4 positive T lymphocyte , CD8 positive T lymphocyte, Cytokine
M. Rahimkhani, Z. Alizadeh Mohammad Shir, Y. Erfani,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (winter 2008)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives Bacterial contamination of blood products, especially platelets, may lead to bacterial sepsis or death and therefore is of concern. Many techniques have been explored to detect bacteria in blood products in order to prevent transfusion-related bacteria contamination and transmission. In the present study, four different methods were employed to detect 12 platelet units precontaminated with known bacteria. Materials and Methods Ten units of platelet concentrates were inoculated at three levels (150, 15, and 1.5 CFU per ml) with Escherichia coli and Staphyococcus epidermidis. All of the platelet concentrates and two control units of platelet concentrates were stored at 20 to 24 ° C for five days. Every morning during storage, platelet concentrates were tested for platelet pH, plasma glucose, quantitative plate culture, and gram staining on platelet centrifuged smears. Results Escherichia coli with 150 and 15 CFU per ml and staphylococcus epidermidis with 150 CFU per ml grew on culture medias after two days but staphylococcus epidermidis with 15 CFU per ml did after three days. The sensitivity rate of bacteria detection in platelet concentrates through gram staining was lower than quantitative culture. Despite lower plasma glucose level in platelet concentrates (as measured by hexokinase enzymatic method) inoculated with microbial staines, pH level in platelet concentrates (as measured by pH meter) contentiously increased during five days of storage. Conclusions The sensitivity rate of bacterial detection in platelet concentrates through measuring extra cellular pH was estimated to be higher than that of plasma glucose, culture and gram staining methods. � Key words : Platelet, Glucose,�Culture techniques�
M. Allah Bakhshian, M.h. Mohammadi, Gh. Rastegar Lari, A. Kazemi, F. Ala, Sh. Ravanbod, A. Allah Bakhshian,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (Summer 2008)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives Hemophilia B Leyden is an X chromosome-linked bleeding disorder characterized by an altered developmental expression of blood coagulation factor IX. This form of hemophilia has been found to be associated with a variety of single point mutations encompassing a 40-nucleotide region in factor IX promoter region. Mutations in factor IX gene promoter though relatively rare (about 2% of total) are important because they can give rise to the unique hemophilia B Leyden phenotype. Materials and Methods Our objective was to study mutations in exon-1 in 4 3 Iranian hemophilia B patients to recognize possible cases of hemophilia B Leyden. Exon-1 of factor IX gene was amplified by PCR then, conformational sensitive gel electrophoresis (CSGE) was used to distinguish cases having mutations in this region. Results Two cases showed band shifts on CSGE. Exon-1 of the patients was directly sequenced. We found two different mutations in exon-1: the A/T mutation at +6 and the A/G mutation at +13. Conclusions The prevalence of hemophilia B leyden in B hemophilia patients (4.6%) in our results shows a higher frequency rate in Iran compared to that of other reported countries. � Key words : Hemophilia B leyden, Factor IX, Promoter region�
A. Aghaie, A.a. Pourfathollah, S.z. Bathaie, S.m. Moazzeni, H. Khorsand Mohammad Pour,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (Summer 2008)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) preparations are used in several disorders including primary and secondary immunodeficiencies, autoimmune and systemic inflammatory diseases it is also applied in effective therapy of infectious diseases. IVIG is currently the most widely used plasma component in the world . The addition of multiple steps to the manufacturing process of IVIG lowers the yield of IgG and raises the manufacturing costs. Therefore, manufacturers attempt to employ a cost effective method with respect to safety and quality of the product. In this study we proposed a method which not only reduced the manufacturing steps but also raised product safety by the treatment of pasteurization as a virus inactivation method. Materials and Methods For this experimental study, the fraction II paste (rich in IgG) was obtained from fresh frozen plasma (FFP) by the modified cold ethanol fractionation method (Cohn’s method). For further purification, filtration was used to remove impurities. Before performing virus inactivation by pasteurization, protein solution was diafiltered and then the stabilizer was added. Pasteurized solution was diafiltered again and final product was prepared after sterile filtration. Results The quality control results of the finished product obtained by the proposed method revealed that the purity was 100% (determined by cellulose acetate electrophoresis) and the polymer amount was less than 1% (evaluated by HPLC chromatography). The secondary and tertiary structures of IgG molecule were also examined by circular dichroism spectroscopy technique and were then compared to the commercial IVIG products bringing about approximately similar and satisfactory results. The yield calculated for the initial amount of IgG of plasma was 39.1% as measured by nephelometery. � Conclusions The high purity of the finished product confirmed that the proposed purification process was satisfactory in despite of fewer steps when compared to the current methods. Indeed, the cost- effective preparation together with quatily and safety are taken into account in the proposed method. If the complementary experiments are carried out, the proposed method can escalate at the industry scale. � Key words : Plasma, Purification, Intravenous immunoglobulin, Cohn fraction II
Mohammad Reza Tabatabie, Azita Azarkeivan, Minoo Ahmadinejad, Mehdi Karbasizadeh, Farzaneh Tavasolo, Abdolmajid Tolabi, Mahtab Maghsudlu,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (Autumn 2008)
Abstract
Evaluation of elevated FVIII in patients with thrombophilia
Tabatabaie M.1(MS), Azarkeivan A.1,2(MD), AhmadiNejad M.1(MD), KarbasiZadeh M.1(DMT),
Tavasoli F.1(BS),Toolabi A.M.1(MD), Maghsudlu M.1(MD)
1Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization-Research Center, Iran
2Thalassemia Clinic,Tehran,Iran
Abstract
Background and Objectives
Thrombus formation may form enhanced coagulation or impaired fibrinolysis. An increased tendency for the blood to clot is referred to as the hypercoagulable state or thrombophilia which includes various inherited and acquired clinical disorders or mixed conditions. There are many studies suggesting that elevated factor VIII may be a common and independent risk factor for thrombotic events. We tried to assess the level of factor VIII in patients with idiopathic thrombosis.
Materials and Methods
Our cases were the patients with idiopathic venous thrombosis having referred for hypercoagulable studies to Coagulation Lab in Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization. The inclusion criterion was the occurrence of thrombotic event confirmed by objective diagnostic methods coupled with three months of follow-up without any other disorder. Our controls were from healthy blood donors and matched with the cases on sex, ethnicity, and age. Plasma of a healthy person was used to establish the normal reference range according to which our patients are compared. Factor VIII levels were measured using a one-staged assay, the PTT based Diagonistica Stago on the STA compact automated coagulation factor analyzer. SPSS and Chi-square were finally used for data analysis.
Results
One hundred fifty two cases and 130 controls enrolled. The mean factor VIII level for cases was 157.26 IU/dl (SD±53.8) with the minimum level of 66 and maximum of 364 IU/dl. For controls, the mean factor VIII level was 111.78 IU/dl (SD± 29.68) with the minimum level of 42 and the maximum of 195 IU/dl. These levels were statistically significant and higher in the case group. The elevated FVIII level was higher in females than males (35.3% vs 23.8%) and increased with age. The normal range in the control group varied within 52-171 IU/dl, which is higher than the normal level of 50-150 IU/dl.
Conclusions
There are many studies showing that increased FVIII level may be an independent risk factor for thrombosis. Our results suggested elevated FVIII level in 28.9% of the patients with thrombosis compared to 3.1% in the control group. So, factor VIII measurement is recommended to be practiced in routine thrombophilia screening programs.
Key words: Thrombosis, Factor VIII,Venous thromboembolism, Risk factor, Thrombophilia
SJIBTO 2008 5(3): 149-156
Received: 15 Dec 2007
Accepted: 9 Jul 2008
Correspondence: Azarkeivan A., Pediatric Hematology Specialist. Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization-Research Center.
P.O.Box: 14665-1157, Tehran, Iran. Tel: (+9821)88601599 Fax: (+9821)88601599
E-mail: azarkeivan@ibto.ir
Abolfazl Yosefian, Behzad Poopak, Hassan Abolghasemi, Azita Azarkeivan, Mohammad Farhadilangerodi, Alireza Sadeghipour, Mojgan Jeyhonian, Mohammad Javadpourkhayat, Khandan Zare, Kobra Farahani, Mitra Salahmand,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (Autumn 2008)
Abstract
Molecular diagnosis of B cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma by evaluation of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement
Yousefian A.1(MS ), Poopak B.2(PhD), Abolghasemi H.1,3(MD), Azarkeivan A.1(MD),
Farhadi Langroudi M.1(MD), Sadeghipour A.4(MD), Jeyhonian M.4(MD),Pourkhayat M.J.4(MD),
Zare K.5(MD), Farahani K.2(BS), Salahmand M.6(BS)
1Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization-Research Center-Iran
2Islamic Azad University-Medical Branch. Tehran- Iran
3Baghiyatalah University of Medical Sciences-Molecular Biology Research Center, Tehran-Iran
4IranUniversity of Medical Sciences, Iran
5Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Iran
6Payvand Medical Laboratory, Iran
Abstract
Background and Objectives
Rearrangement of V, D, and J segments of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene with inserted or deleted nucleotides within rearranged segments makes unique hypervariable regions (CDR-3). These regions can be used for evaluation of B cell clonality for the purpose of molecular diagnosis of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) and for confirmatory diagnosis in suspicious cases.
Materials and Methods
In this study, samples of 42 patients were collected from Taleghani, Baqhiyatalah, and Aliasghar hospitals out of this number, there were 22 patients with diagnosis of B cell NHL, 10 with reactive hyperplasia, and 10 with malignant lymphoma. After DNA extraction from formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues, PCR was done using consensus primers for amplification of CDR-3 region. PCR products were analyzed after heteroduplex analysis using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver stain.
Results
Clonal patterns in group 1 (B cell NHL), 2 (reactive and follicular hyperplasia), and 3 (morphological diagnosis without immunohistochemistry) were observed in 77.2%, 0%, and 70% of patients, respectively.
Conclusions
Our findings are compatible with other international studies with minor differences. The diagnosis of B-cell lymphoid malignancy can frequently be substantiated by detecting clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH ) gene rearrangement.
Key words: Gene rearrangement, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Immunoglobulin
SJIBTO 2008 5(3): 157-166
Received: 31 Aug 2007
Accepted: 8 Oct 2008
Correspondence: Poopak B., PhD of Hematology. Islamic Azad University- Tehran Medical Branch.
P.O.Box: 19295-1495 , Tehran, Iran, Tel: (+9821) 22006660 Fax : (+9821) 22264145
E-mail: bpoopak@yahoo.com
S. Babashah, S. Jamali, Dr R. Mahdian, M. Hayat Nosaeid, Dr. M. Karimipoor, Dr. F. Maryami, M. Raeisi, R. Alimohammadi, Dr. S. Zeinali,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (Winter 2009)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives Although beta thalassemia is mainly caused by mutations involving single base substitutions and small deletions, there have been reports showing deletions of large regions of beta- globin genes play a similar causing role. The strategy to identify beta thalassemia carriers with known deletions is based on PCR techniques such as Gap PCR. There are however some unknown deletions that can not be detected by the above methods. To overcome this limitation, Real-time PCR and MLPA were developed as two quantitative assays for analysis of beta-globin gene cluster. Materials and Methods The subjects were evaluated in a case-control study. Among individuals referred to genetic laboratories of Pasteur Institute of Iran and Kawsar Genetic Research Center, 40 were suspected of having a large deletion in β-globin gene cluster. The including criteria were hematological findings such as low blood indices (MCV <80 fl and MCH <27 pg), normal HbA2 and raised or normal HbF. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. A Real-time PCR assay was developed using comparative threshold cycle (Ct) method for analysis of gene copy number. In addition, gene dosage was analyzed using MLPA method. Results Real-time PCR results for quantitative analysis of Beta, Delta, G-gamma genes showed the ratio (2-ΔΔCt) of 0.96 ± 0.18 for normal individuals and 0.58 ± 0.04 for carriers of deletions in beta globin gene cluster. MLPA results showed nearly 50% reduction in the height of the peaks corresponding to regions of deletions. Conclusions MLPA results confirmed the presence of the same deletions detected by Real-time PCR in all of the carrier individuals. It would be ideal to combine these quantitative assays to confirm corresponding results for accurate diagnosis of known and unknown deletions in beta thalassemia carriers. Key words : beta-Thalassemia, beta-Globins, Gene Deletion
Dr. H Abolghasemi, Dr. M Aghaiipour, M Nikougoftar, Dr. N Amirizadeh, Dr. M.t Mohammadi, Dr. S Rahmani, F Atashrazm, S Hadjati, P Zarei,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (Spring 2009)
Abstract
Leukoreduction in packed cells filtered by home-made
bedside filters prior and after optimization
Abolghasemi H.1,2(MD), Aghaiipour M.1(MD), Nikougoftar M.1(MS), Amirizade N.1(PhD),
Mohammadi M.T.3( MD),Rahmani S.4(MD), Atashrazm F.3(MS), Hadjati S.3(MS), Zarei P1.(BS)
1Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, Research Center, Tehran, Iran
2Baghiatollah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4Helal Iran Medical Devices Company, Karaj, Iran
Abstract
Background and Objectives
Existence of leukocytes in all blood products causes a wide variety of side effects after transfusion. As a consequence, the use of filter technology for leukoreduction has been widely practiced. In this study, absolute leukocyte count in three types of home-made bedside filtered packed cell units is evaluated.
Materials and Methods
Ninety three packed cell units from blood donors were prepared in Tehran Regional Educational Blood Transfusion Center, stored at 4ºC, and filtered by two types of home-made filters within 1 hour at room temperature. The first type of filters was made prior to 2007 and the second type underwent optimization after 2007. Eight samples were filtered by control group filters with CE certificate. The results were analyzed with SPSS 11.5 and chi-square test.
Results
The mean values of leukocyte count/unit by CD45 and True Count Method were respectively 9×106 and 10×106 in 55 bags filtered by the first type filters and these values were 4.2×106 and 4.8×106 in 30 bags filtered by the second type filters, whereas the mean value of leukocyte count/bag in 8 bags filtered by control filters was 2.3×106.
Conclusions
After optimization of product technology and raw materials, the average number of leukocytes fell within the standard range. Twenty percent of cases contained more than 5×106 leukocytes and 80% less than that (CI95%= 5.7-34.3). Thus, following optimization, the differences in mean rates and SDs in both group two and control filters showed significant reduction and were measured to be within AABB standards.
Dr. M. Shaiegan, S. Mohammadi, Sh. Samiee, Dr. K. Alimoghadam, Dr. Gh. Babaei, A. Ghashghaiee, Sh. Rostami, Dr. F. Kkatami, Dr. A. Azarkeivan, Dr. S. Zolfaghari, Z. Ataiee, Dr. A. Ghavamzadeh,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (Spring 2009)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives It is suggested that HA-1 mismatching among hematopoietic stem cell recipients-donors be associated with acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). So the aim of this study was to evaluate HA-1 frequency and examine the correlation between HA-1 disparity and GVHD patients who received transplantation from HLA-A2 identical siblings. Materials and Methods Extracted DNA samples were collected from 55 HLA-A2-positive donor-recipient pairs. All the patients received peripheral blood stem cell transplant (PSCT) from HLA-identical siblings. HA-1 was detected by SSP-PCR method. The HA-1 typing was performed using SSP method. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, Man withney and Z test with SPSS 11.5. Results Thirty patients showed to be GVHD I-IV and 25 pairs were without any GVHD signs. The frequency rates of HA-1R and HA-1H alleles in patients were 0.55 and 0.45, respectively it showed no significant difference with the frequency rates (0.53 and 0.47) of this allels in donors (p>0.05). HA-1 disparity was detected in 8 out of the 55 donor/recipient pairs (14.5%). aGVHD ( grades I-IV ) was occurred in 6 of patients. Two patients with HA-1 disparity did not show any GVHD signs. X2 test showed there was not any relationship between the incidence of acute graft-versus-host-disease (aGVHD) and HA-1 incompatibility in the patiens. Conclusions In spite of higher frequency of HA-1 disparity in GVHD+ group, our data did not reflect any significant association between HA-1 disparity and risk of acute GVHD. Key words : Polymerase Chain Reaction, Graft- Versus – Host Disease, Minor Histocompatibility Antigens , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Dr. H. Abolghasemi, M. Amani, A. Jabari, R. Ranjbaran, M.h. Mohammadi, Dr. M. Habibi Roudkenar, A. Ali Balazadeh, A. Hashemi Teir, Dr. N. Amirizadeh, Dr. P. Eshghi,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (Autumn 2009)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives Fibrin sealant (FS) is a plasma derived product and has hemostatic, sealing and healing properties and is frequently used to reduce blood loss during and after surgery. Blood bank autologous fibrin sealants have no risk of transfusion transmitted diseases. The aim of this study was to obtain of thrombin and fibrinogen from FFP and study their in vitro properties for preparation of FS. Materials and Methods Fibrinogen was precipitated by use of protamin sulfate. Fibrinogen concentration was assayed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and clotting clauss method the effect of temperature on fibrinogen precipitation was also evaluated. Thrombin was prepared by manual method and TPD and its activity was then determined using specific chromogenic substrate spectrophotometric assay. Thrombin stability at different temperature degrees was evaluated and clotting time was measured. Tensile strength and adhesion strength were evaluated with the tensiometry device. Clot lysis time was determined by a clot solubility test in 5M urea. � Results Fibrinogen concentration precipitated with protamin sulfate was measured as being 73 ± 8 mg/ml. The recovery of fibrinogen in cryoprecipitate was 93%. Thrombin mixed with fibrinogen had clot time of less than 5 seconds. Tensile strength and adhesion strength of fibrin sealant were 60 ± 8.9 g/cm2 and 55 ± 9 g, respectively. The average activity of the thrombin produced manually was 59.6 ± 6.2. Adding anti-fibrinolttic agent to fibrinogen concentrate has no effect on clotting time and tensile strength but it causes the stability improvement of fibrin clot. Conclusions Fibrinogen and thrombin prepared in this experiment have appropriate properties for production of fibrin sealants. Key words : Fibrin sealant, Fibrinogen, Thrombin, Plasma�
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