Abstract

 Background and Objectives

 Mesenchymal Stem Cells have extensive potential to proliferate and differentiate into different cell lineages. Their differentiation capability in vivo and in vitro makes them ideal tools for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

 Materials and Methods

 In the present study more than 100 recent published articles which are about isolation, culture and differentiation of MSCs were reviewed for application of MSC in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.

 Results

 Clinical applications of MSCs seem to be in two distinctive lines: bio-scaffold design without immunological responses as well as multipotent stem cell without clinical obstacles.

 Conclusions

 MSCs due to their capacity of self-renewability, multilineage differentiation and immune modulatory effects are of great therapeutic potential for cell and gene therapy of congenital and degenerative disorders.