Journal of Iranian Blood Transfusion

fa آگاهی و عملکرد زوجین ناقل تالاسمی منطقه سیستان بر اساس مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی The survey of the knowledge and practice of thalassemia couples based on Health Belief Model in Sistan area عمومى General پژوهشي Research چکیده سابقه و هدف تالاسمی، شایع‌ترین بیماری ژنتیکی در انسان است که در پیشگیری از آن، آگاهی عمومی نقش مهمی دارد. لذا این مطالعه با هدف بررسی آگاهی و عملکرد زوجین ناقل تالاسمی بر اساس مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی طراحی و اجرا گردید. مواد و روش‌ها در این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی از نوع مقطعی، جامعه آماری شامل کلیه زوجین ناقل تالاسمی منطقه سیستان در سال 1391 بودند. تعداد 137 نفر از زوجین ناقل تالاسمی منطقه سیستان با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی سیستماتیک انتخاب و مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. برای گردآوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه محقق ساخته که روایی آن توسط متخصصین و پایایی آن نیز به وسیله آزمون آماری آلفای کرونباخ تایید شده بود استفاده گردید. داده‌های جمع‌آوری شده توسط نرم‌افزار 15SPSS و با استفاده از آزمون‌های آماری t-test ، آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه، کای اسکوئر و ضریب همبستگی اسپیرمن در سطح معناداری 05/0 p< مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها میانگین آگاهی و عملکرد افراد مورد پژوهش به ترتیب 8/2 ± 06/13 و 2 ± 8/10 نمره از 20 و 14 نمره بود. فقط 7/11% افراد مورد پژوهش از سطح آگاهی خوبی برخوردار بودند، 8/62% افراد، شدت درک بالایی داشتند. 9/48% (67 نفر) آزمایش مرحله اول PND و 7/38% (53 نفر) آزمایش مرحله دوم PND را انجام داده بودند. بیـن سـازه‌های مـدل اعتقـاد بـهداشتی و دانش و عملکرد افراد رابطه معنادار آماری وجود داشت (05/0 p<). نتیجه گیری از آن جایی که اکثر افراد مورد مطالعه از آگاهی مناسبی درباره روش‌های پیشگیری از تالاسمی ماژور برخوردار نبودند، لازم است برنامه‌های آموزشی برای ارتقای دانش آن‌ها تدارک دیده شود. Abstract Background and Objectives Thalassemia is among the most common genetic diseases in humans that can largely be prevented if adequate levels of public knowledge are obtained. This study was designed based on the educational health belief model to assess knowledge and practice of thalassemia couples in prevention of incidence of major thalassemia. Materials and Methods In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional survey, 137 couples in Sistan area by systematic random sampling were selected. Data collection tool was a questionnaire whose validity and reliability were proven by health educational specialists and Cronbach Alpha test. The data were analyzed in spss.15 software using descriptive and analytical statistics including Chi square test, T-test, and spearman correlation coefficient. The significant level was set as 0.05. Results The mean scores of knowledge and practice of participants out of 20 and 14 were 13.6 ± 2.8 and 10.8 ± 2, respectively. Only 11.7 percent of participants had good level of knowledge, and 62.8% had good level of severity perceived 48.9% (n = 67) of them had done the first stage of prenatal diagnosis of beta-thalassemia (PND) and 38.7% the second stage of PND. There was a statistically significant relationship between the constructs of health belief model and the participants’ knowledge and practice (p< 0.05). Conclusions Since majority of participants did not have adequate information about genetically preventive procedures about major thalassemia, it is necessary to hold training programs to improve their knowledge about thalassemia. Key words: Knowledge, Thalassemia, Beliefs Abstract Background and Objectives Thalassemia is among the most common genetic diseases in humans that can largely be prevented if adequate levels of public knowledge are obtained. This study was designed based on the educational health belief model to assess knowledge and practice of thalassemia couples in prevention of incidence of major thalassemia. Materials and Methods In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional survey, 137 couples in Sistan area by systematic random sampling were selected. Data collection tool was a questionnaire whose validity and reliability were proven by health educational specialists and Cronbach Alpha test. The data were analyzed in spss.15 software using descriptive and analytical statistics including Chi square test, T-test, and spearman correlation coefficient. The significant level was set as 0.05. Results The mean scores of knowledge and practice of participants out of 20 and 14 were 13.6 ± 2.8 and 10.8 ± 2, respectively. Only 11.7 percent of participants had good level of knowledge, and 62.8% had good level of severity perceived 48.9% (n = 67) of them had done the first stage of prenatal diagnosis of beta-thalassemia (PND) and 38.7% the second stage of PND. There was a statistically significant relationship between the constructs of health belief model and the participants’ knowledge and practice (p< 0.05). Conclusions Since majority of participants did not have adequate information about genetically preventive procedures about major thalassemia, it is necessary to hold training programs to improve their knowledge about thalassemia. کلمات کلیدی: آگاهی, تالاسمی, اعتقاد Key words: Knowledge, Thalassemia, Beliefs 369 377 http://bloodjournal.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-859-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 R. Rezaie Keikha راضیه رضایی کیخا raziehrezaie66@gmail.com 9100319475328460013380 9100319475328460013380 Yes زابل ـ ایران ـ کدپستی: 9861845998 Gh. Masoudy غلامرضا مسعودی 9100319475328460013381 9100319475328460013381 No زاهدان ـ ایران A.A. Ramazani عباسعلی رمضانی 9100319475328460013382 9100319475328460013382 No زابل ـ ایران M. Shahraki مهناز شهرکی 9100319475328460013383 9100319475328460013383 No زاهدان ـ ایران M. Naderi مجید نادری 9100319475328460013384 9100319475328460013384 No زاهدان ـ ایران