fa فراوانی آلل‌های D ضعیف در اهداکنندگان خون با روش‌های مولکولی ايمونوهماتولوژي Imunohematology پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><span style="font-family:jadid;">چکید</span></span><span style="font-weight:normal;"><span style="font-family:jadid;">ه</span></span><span style="font-weight:normal;"><span style="font-family:jadid;"></span></span><br> <strong><em><span style="font-family:titr;"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">سابقه و هدف </span></span></em></strong><br> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آن جایی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">که</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شناسایی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آنتی‌ژن‌های</span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;"> D </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ضعیف</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">می‌تواند</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مصرف</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">جای</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">خون</span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;"> RhD </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">منفی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تزریق</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نا</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">جای</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">رگام</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مادران</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">جلوگیری</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نماید،</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تعیین</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">فراوانی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">انواع</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آلل</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">های</span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;"> D </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ضعیف</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کشور</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ما</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ضروری</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نظر</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">می‌رسد. در</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">این</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مطالعه</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">فراوانی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">این</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آلل‌ها</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بین</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اهداکنندگان</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">خون 21 استان</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ایران</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">سال</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">1395</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">طریق</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آنالیز</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مولکولی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بررسی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گردید.</span></span></strong><br> <strong><em><span style="font-family:titr;"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">مواد و روش‌ها</span></span></em></strong><br> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">&nbsp;مطالعه</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">انجام</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شده</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نوع</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">توصیفی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بود.</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تعداد 105</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نمونه</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">خون</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">دارای</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بیان ضعیف</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آنتی‌ژن</span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;"> D </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اهداکنندگان</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">خون</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">جمع‌آوری</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و فنوتیپ</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نمونه‌ها</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نظر</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آنتی‌ژن‌های</span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;"> D, C, c, E, e </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">وسیله</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">روش‌های</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">سرولوژیک تعیین</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گردید</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">سپس</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">وجود</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آلل‌های</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مختلف</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مسئول</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ایجاد</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">فنوتیپ</span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;"> D </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ضعیف</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">وسیله</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">روش‌های</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مولکولی </span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">RFLP</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> ، </span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">PCR-SSP</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> و</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تعیین</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">توالی</span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">DNA </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">&nbsp;ارزیابی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شدند. </span></span></strong><br> <strong><em><span style="font-family:titr;"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">یافته‌ها</span></span></em></strong><br> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بیشترین فراوانی مربوط به </span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">D</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> ضعیف نوع 15 (1/38%) بود. نوع 1 (48/10%)، نوع 5 (62/7%)، نوع 4 (76/4%)، نوع 80 (8/3%)، نوع 3 (9/1%) و نوع 11 ، 8 ، 100 هر کدام(95/0%) بود. </span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">D</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> ناقص با فراوانی </span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">DLO</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> (57/8%) و </span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">Va/DAU</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> (95/0%) دیده شد. نتایج این مطالعه هم چنین همراهی </span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">D</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> ضعیف نوع 15 را با آنتی‌ژن </span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">E</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> و همراهی </span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">D</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> ضعیف نوع 1 و </span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">D</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> ناقص </span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">DLO</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> را با آنتی‌ژن </span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">C</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> نشان داد. </span></span></strong><br> <strong><em><span style="font-family:titr;"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">نتیجه گیری</span></span></em></strong><br> <strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در این مطالعه تفاوت چشمگیری بین فراوانی واریانت‌های </span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">D</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:2 lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> ضعیف در بین اهداکنندگان خون کشور ما در مقایسه با جمعیت‌های سفید پوست اروپایی، آمریکایی و آفریقایی و هم چنین جمعیت آسیایی وجود دارد. </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"></span></strong><br> &nbsp;</div> <div dir="rtl" style="text-align: left;"><strong>Abstract</strong><br> <strong><em>Background and Objectives</em></strong><br> Detection of weak D blood type can lead to the saving of RhD negative blood components and can reduce RhIG consumption. Therefore, determining the frequency of weak D alleles in our country is necessary.<br> &nbsp;<br> <strong><em>Materials and Methods</em></strong><br> In this descriptive study, a total of 105 blood samples with weak expression of D antigen from 21 provinces among Iranian blood donors were studied. The phenotype of samples was tested for Rh D, C, c, E and e antigens by routine serological methods. Weak D variants were evaluated by PCR-SSP, RFLP and DNA sequencing methods.<br> &nbsp;<br> <strong><em>Results</em></strong><br> Among 105 weak D samples, 9 weak D alleles and 2 partial D alleles were found. The most prevalent weak D type in our population was weak D type 15(38.1%), weak D Type 1(10.48%), Type 5(7.62%), Type 4 (4.76%), Type 80 (3.8%), Type 3 (1.9%) and Type 11 , Type 8 , Type 100 each (0.95%) and Partial D DLO (8.57%), and partial D V a /DAU (0.95%). We also observed the correlation between weak D type 15 and E antigen and weak D type 1 and Partial D DLO and C antigen.<br> &nbsp;<br> <strong><em>Conclusions&nbsp; </em></strong><br> There is a significant difference between the prevalence of Weak D variants among our blood donors compared to European and American white populations with a high incidence of weak D 1, 2 and 3, equally compared to African population with a high incidence of Partial D and weak D type 4, as well as Asian population with a high prevalence of Del.<br> &nbsp;<br> &nbsp;</div> کلمات کلیدی: اهداکنندگان خون, ژنوتیپ, آلل‌ها Key words: Blood Donors, Genotype, Alleles 95 104 http://bloodjournal.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-676-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Z. Daneshvar زهرا دانشور zahra.daneshvar1344@yahoo.com 9100319475328460023975 9100319475328460023975 No مرکز تحقیقات انتقال خون ـ مؤسسه عالی آموزشی و پژوهشی طب انتقال خون N. Amirizadeh ناصر امیری زاده amiri_na@yahoo.com 9100319475328460023976 9100319475328460023976 Yes دانشیار مرکز تحقیقات انتقال خون ـ مؤسسه عالی آموزشی و پژوهشی طب انتقال خون A. Oodi آرزو اودی ar.oody@gmail.com 9100319475328460023977 9100319475328460023977 No استادیار مرکز تحقیقات انتقال خون ـ مؤسسه عالی آموزشی و پژوهشی طب انتقال خون S. Goudarzi سمیرا گودرزی 9100319475328460023978 9100319475328460023978 No مرکز تحقیقات انتقال خون ـ مؤسسه عالی آموزشی و پژوهشی طب انتقال خون